We aim to discuss research trends, to identify promising new questions, and to encourage international networking across disciplines, field boundaries, and national borders. Among the questions we seek to explore are: What counts (or does not count) as evidence in a given (disciplinary, practical or historical) context? How does this affect epistemic and social practices? How do evidence practices change over time? What happens to practices of evidence when established knowledge is challenged? What is the role of evidence-based knowledge in neoliberal, democratic and knowledge-based societies? How does the wider public react to (scientific) crises of evidence and the perceived blurring of boundaries between fact and opinion?